Geology links

Fossil foraminifers

 

• A core-top calibration of B/Ca in the benthic foraminifers Nuttallides umbonifera and Oridorsalis umbonatus: A proxy for Cenozoic bottom water carbonate saturation
• A Late Cretaceous flysch-type agglutinated foraminiferal fauna from the Trochamminoides proteus type locality (Wien - Hiitteldorf, Austria)
• A Monograph of the Foraminiferal Family Nonionidae
• A new high-resolution planktic foraminiferal zonation and subzonation for the lower Danian
• A Nyugati-Thethys egyes paleogén nagyforaminiferáinak morfometriai analízisre alapozott rétegtani jelentősége
• Abiotic forcing of plankton evolution in the Cenozoic
• Agglutinated foraminifera from neritic to bathyal facies in the Palaeogene of Spitsbergen and the Barents Sea
• Agglutinated foraminifera from the Northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
• Agglutinated Middle-Upper Eocene foraminifera in Jabal Hafit, Al Ain area, United Arab Emirates
• Atlas of Paleocene Planktonic Foraminifera
• Atlas of Paleogene Cosmopolitan Deep Water Agglutinated Foraminifera
• Badenian Pappinidae and Uvigerinidae from the South-western margin of the Pannonian Basin (Eastern Slovenia)
• Bathysiphons From the Eocene of the Carpathian Flysch, Poland
• Benthic foraminifera and environmental turnover across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary at Blake Nose (ODP Hole 1049C, Northwestern Atlantic)
• Benthic foraminifera at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary around the Gulf of Mexico
• Benthic foraminifera, microfacies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretations of Early Eocene shallow water carbonates from Sahlabad province, eastern Iran
• Benthic foraminifera and environmental turnover across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary at Blake Nose (ODP Hole 1049C, Northwestern Atlantic)
• Benthic foraminiferal faunal turnover across the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary at Agost (Southeastern Spain)
• Benthonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous (Middle Cenomanian−Coniacian) Sequences of the Bey Dağları Carbonate Platform, Western Taurides, Turkey
• Bioerosive structures in orbitolinid foraminifera: examples from the Lower Cretaceous of Central Iran
• Biostratigraphical and paleoecological significance of small foraminiferal assemblages of the Silesian (Cieszyn) Unit, Western Carpathians, Poland
• Biostratigraphy and evolutionary trends of Late Paleocene-Early Eocene planktic Foraminifera at West Central Sinai, Egypt
• Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental analysis of benthic foraminifera and radiolarians in Paleogene Variegated Shales in the Skole Unit, Polish Flysch Carpathians
• Biostratigraphy and stepwise extinctions of the larger foraminifera during Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Gebel Um Horeiba (Mittla Pass), west-central Sinai, Egypt
• Biostratigraphy and Systematic Description of Benthic Foraminifers from Mid-Cretaceous Shallow-Water Carbonate Platform Sediments at Sites 878 and 879 (Mit and Takuyo-Daisan Guyots)
• Biostratigraphy of Albian to Turonian deep-water agglutinated foraminifera calibrated by planktonic foraminifera, Radiolaria, and dinoflagellate cysts in the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Polish Carpathians
• Cenomanian to Lower Eocene deep-water agglutinated Foraminifera from the Zumaya Section, Northern Spain
• Cenozoic Record of Elongate, Cylindrical, Deep-Sea Benthic Foraminifera in the Indian Ocean (ODP Sites 722, 738, 744, 758 and 763)
• Cenozoic record of elongate, cylindrical deep-sea benthic Foraminifera in the North Atlantic and equatorial Pacific Oceans
• Chattian Larger Foraminifera, northern Sinai, Egypt, and paleogeographic interpretations
• Climate Analysis Using Planktonic Foraminifera
• Coiling modes in the Family Plectorecurvoididae (Foraminiferida)
• Collection and Mounting of Foraminifera
• Contributions to the knowledge of the rotaliiform foraminifera from the marine Middle Miocene deposits from Romania
• Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary bathyal paleo-environments in the central North Pacific (DSDP Site 465), the Northwestern Atlantic (ODP Site 1049), the Gulf of Mexico and the Tethys: The benthic foraminiferal record
• Cretaceous evolution of the genus Adercotryma (Foraminifera) in the deep Pacific
• Cretaceous to Paleogene agglutinated foraminifera of the BilC Karpaty Unit (West Carpathians, Czech Republic)
• Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research
• Danian and Selandian calcareous benthic foraminiferal assemblages and biostratigraphy of Western Siberia
• Details of Uvigerina development in the Cretan Mio-Pliocene
• Discovery Of The Lower Murgabian (middle Permian) Based On Neoschwagerinids And Verbeekinids In The Taurides, Southern Turkey
• Duostominidae (Foraminiferea, Robertinida) from the Upper Triassic beds of the Slovenian Basin (Southern Alps, Slovenia)
• Early and Middle Triassic trends in diversity, evenness, and size of foraminifers on a carbonate platform in south China: implications for tempo and mode of biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction
• Early Aptian Benthic Foraminifera from Cajon Formation, Huetamo, Michoacan, SW Mexico
• Early Cenozoic benthic foraminiferal isotopes: species reliability and interspecies correction factors
• Early Miocene foraminifers from the Upper Marine Molasse of the North Alpine Foreland Basin – Proxies for biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental change
• Early Oligocene Foraminifera from Kap Brewster, East Greenland
• Early Oligocene Larger Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Qom Formation, South of Uromieh (NW Iran)
• Early Paleogene planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy at the Monastery of Saint Paul, Southern Galala, Eastern Desert, Egypt
• Early to middle Miocene foraminifera from the deep-sea Congo Fan, offshore Angola
• Enigma of early Miocene biserial planktic foraminifera
• Eocene-Oligocene planktic foraminiferal transition: extinction, impact and hiatuses
• Eocene Benthic Foraminifers from the Western North Atlantic, Site 1276, ODP Leg 210
• Evolution and molecular phylogeny of Cibicides and Uvigerina (Rotaliida, Foraminifera)
• Evolution of early Foraminifera
• Evolutionary aspects of the Miogypsinids in the Oligo-Miocene carbonates near Mineo (Sicily)
• Evolutionary history of size variation of planktic foraminiferal assemblages in the Cenozoic
• Evolutionary trends and stratigraphic significance of the late Cretaceous Helicorbitoides-Lepidorbitoides lineage
• Experiments to determine the origin and palaeoenvironmental significance of agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages
• Extinction and food at the sea floor: a high-resolution benthic foraminiferal record across the Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum, Southern Ocean Site 690
• Extinction Patterns and Paleoenvironments of the Middle Cenomanian-Early Turonian Foraminifers at the Southern Galala Plateau, Eastern Desert, Egypt
• Factors controlling the distribution of agglutinated foraminifera in Aalenian-Bajocian dysoxic facies (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland)
• Faunal dynamics of foraminiferal assemblages in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
• Fluid Rocking of a Suspension of Foraminifera as a means of Concentrating Samples for the Preparation of Strews
• “Flysch-type” agglutinated foraminifera from the Lower Miocene of the Transylvanian Basin (Romania)
• Foram Facts - An Introduction To Foraminifera
• Foraminifera
• Foraminifera - National Museum of Natural History
• Foraminifera
• Foraminifera
• Foraminifera and microfacies of the type-Priabonian
• Foraminifera and petroleum exploration: case studies from carbonate and clastic systems
• Foraminifera and sequence stratigraphy of the lower part of the Speeton Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in N. E. England
• Foraminifera as environmental proxies of the Middle Miocene (Early Badenian) sediments of the Central Depression (Central Paratethys, Moravian part of the Carpathian Foredeep)
• Foraminifera assemblages in the eastern part of the Stetten-section from the Karpatian of the Korneuburg Basin
• Foraminifera Biostratigraphy and Paleoenvironmental Studies of Two Wells from Offshore Western Niger Delta
• Foraminifera from the Eocene Variegated Shales near Barwinek (Magura Unit, Outer Carpathians), the type locality of Noth (1912) revisited
• Foraminifera from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous carbonate platform facies of the southern part of the Crimea Mountains, Southern Ukraine
• Foraminifera in the Middle School Classroom
• Foraminifera.eu-Project
• Foraminiferal assemblage-based biostratigraphy and correlation of the Triassic of northern Israel
• Foraminiferal assemblages as palaeoenvironmental bioindicators in Late Jurassic epicontinental platforms: Relation with trophic conditions
• Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy and Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction of the Paleocene–Eocene Transition at the Kharrouba Section, Tunisia (Southern Tethys Margin)
• Foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Egerian flysch sediments in the Silesian Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Polish part of the Bieszczady Mountains
• Foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Polish Outer Carpathians: a record of basin geohistory
• Foraminiferal description and biostratigraphy of the Oligocene shallow marine sediments in Denizli region, SW Turkey
• Foraminiferal palaeodepth indicators from the lower Palaeogene deposits of the Subsilesian Unit (Polish Outer Carpathians)
• Foraminiferal Record of the Onset of the Middle Miocene Badenian Salinity Crisis in Central Paratethys
• Foraminiferal Research at Byrd Polar Research Center
• Foraminiferal suborder Robertinina from the Badenian of Kozjansko (Eastern Slovenia)
• Foraminiferal successions in the shallow water Sarmatian sediments from the MZ 93 borehole (Vienna Basin, Slovak part)
• Foraminiferal survivors from the Permian-Triassic mass extinction in the Meishan section, South China
• Foraminiferos
• Foraminifers And Biostratigraphy Of Upper Triassic And Lower Jurassic Of The Slovakian And Polish Carpathians
• FORAMS 2010 - International Symposium on Foraminifera (September 5th-10th, 2010, Bonn, Germany)
• Fusulinoidean Faunas From The Upper Carboniferous And Lower Permian Platform Limestone In The Hadim Area, Central Taurides, Turkey
• Globorotaliid intervals of the sub-evaporite Badenian (Middle Miocene) in the Upper Silesia Basin (Central Paratethys, Poland)
• Growth Rate Biometric Quantification by X-ray Microtomography on Larger Benthic Foraminifera: Three-dimensional Measurements Push Nummulitids into the Fourth Dimension
• Growth-invariant Meristic Characters Tools to Reveal Phylogenetic Relationships in Nummulitidae (Foraminifera)
• High-Resolution Benthic Foraminiferal Stable Isotope Stratigraphy across the Oligocene/Miocene Boundary at Site 1218
• High resolution biostratigraphy based on planktic foraminifera across the Cretaceous–Paleogene transition at the Bidart section (SWFrance)
• High-resolution deep-water agglutinated foraminiferal record across the Paleocene/Eocene transition in the Contessa Road section (Central Italy)
• High resolution planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and correlation across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary in the Tethys
• High resolution Single Particle Analysis by scanning electron microscopy: A new tool to investigate the mineral composition of agglutinated foraminifers
• Ian Boomer Gallery of Recent British Intertidal Foraminifers and Ostracodes
• Indian Ocean high-productivity event (10–8 Ma): Linked to global cooling or to the initiation of the Indian monsoons?
• Inferring Ancient Environments From Fossil Foraminifera
• Integrated Oligocene−Lower Miocene Larger and Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Kahramanmaraş Basin (Southern Anatolia, Turkey)
• Integrating Microfossil Records from the Oceans and Epicontinental Seas
• International Symposium on Foraminifera FORAMS 2014 Abstract Volume
• Introduction to the Foraminifera
• Introduzione ai foraminiferi
• Jurassic planktonic foraminifera from Pieniny Klippen Belt and their taxonomic and phylogenetic importance (Carpathians, southern Poland)
• Langer Lab - Foraminifera
• Larger benthic Foraminifera of the type Maastrichtian
• Larger foraminifera from the Early Eocene of Shabwa area, Southeastern Yemen
• Larger foraminiferal turnover during the Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum and paleoclimatic control on the evolution of platform ecosystems
• Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene benthic foraminifera from Esh El Mallaha area, Egypt
• Late Eocene evolution of nummulitid foraminifer Spiroclypeus in the Western Tethys
• Late Eocene to Recent Deep-Sea Benthic Foraminifers From the Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean
• Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Foraminifera from Štramberk-type Limestones, Polish Outer Carpathians
• Late Maastrichtian-Early Danian serial planktic foraminifera as indicators of paleoecology at West Central Sinai, Egypt
• Late Maastrichtian-Late Palaeocene planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the matrix of the Bornova Flysch Zone around Bornova (İzmir, Western Anatolia, Turkey)
• Late Maastrichtian foraminiferids and diatoms from the Polish Carpathians (Ropianka Formation, Skole Nappe): a case study from the Chmielnik-Grabówka composite section
• Late Oligocene Foraminifera from the Krosno Beds in the San valley section (Bieszczady Mountains); Silesian Unit, Polish Outer Carpathians
• Lower Cretaceous Calcareous Agglutinated Foraminifera from Southern Dobrogea, Romania. Part II. Early Cretaceous Cuneolinidae
• Lower Cretaceous agglutinated Foraminifera from the Superfamilies Verneuilinacea and Ataxophragmiacea; southern Dobrogea, Romania
• Maastrichtian small benthic foraminifera from Middle East and their distribution in the Tethys
• Mass extinction in planktic foraminifera at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary in subtropical and temperate latitudes
• Mediterranean pliocene globorotalia : a biometrical approach
• Mexican Foraminifera
• Microdistribution of Foraminifera in a Single Bed of the Monterey Formation, Monterey County, California
• Microfaunal Diversity And Diagenesis In The Muschelkalk Facies
• Middle-late Miocene benthic foraminifera in a western Indian Ocean Depth Transect: paleoceanographic implications
• Middle and Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera of the Western Mediterranean area
• Middle and Late Eocene benthic foraminiferal fauna from the Hungarian Paleogene Basin: systematics and paleoecology
• Middle Miocene (Early Badenian) Amphistegina (Foraminiferida) from Olimpów (Central Paratethys, Poland)
• Middle Miocene Foraminiferal Biochronology And Ecology of SE Poland
• Middle Miocene Globigerinas of Romania
• Middle to late Eocene evolution of nummulitid foraminifer Heterostegina in the Western Tethys
• Middle Triassic Foraminifera From The Seceda Core (Dolomites, Northern Italy)
• Miocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the Lomonosov Ridge and the opening of the Fram Strait
• Miocene deep water agglutinated foraminifera from Viosca Knoll, offshore Louisiana (Gulf of Mexico)
• Most abundant Middle Miocene rotaliinas (suborder Rotaliina, Foraminifera) of Kozjansko (Eastern Slovenia)
• National Collection of Foraminifera
• Neogene Foraminiferal zones
• New advances in understanding the heterohelicid planktic foraminifer early evolution
• New data to suport the phylogenetic relationship between the serial planktonic foraminifera (Family Heterohelicidae CUSCHMAN, 1927) and some large-sized benthic foraminifera (Family Orbitoididae SCHWAGER, 1876) of the Late Cretaceous
• New Late Ypresian (Cuisian) rotaliids (Foraminiferida) from Central and Southern Italy and their biostratigraphic potential
• New Zealand Neogene-Recent Foraminifera with A guide to some Bolivinita (Foraminiferida) in the New Zealand Late Neogene
• North Sea Lituolid Foraminifera with complex inner structures: taxonomy, stratigraphy and evolutionary relationships
• Oligocene Benthic Foraminifers from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, Sites 1218 and 1219, ODP Leg 199
• Oligocene Paleoceanography of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean: Planktonic and Benthic Foraminifer Stable Isotope Results from Site 1218
• On the systematics of rugoglobigerinids (planktonic Foraminifera, Late Cretaceous)
• Ontogenetic Morphometrics of Some Late Cretaceous Trochospiral Planktonic Foraminifera from the Austral Realm
• Orbitolinid foraminifers in the Northwest Pacific: Their taxonomy and stratigraphy
• Origin, evolutionary classification, and biostratigraphic significance of the Late Cretaceous planktic foraminiferal directional lineage Bollitruncana O.A. Korchagin, 2001
• Paleoceanographical proxies based on deep-sea benthic foraminiferal assemblage characteristics
• Paleocene/Eocene Benthic Foraminifers, ODP Leg 199 Sites 1215, 1220, and 1221, Equatorial Central Pacific Ocean
• Paleoecology of late miocene mediterranean foraminifera
• Paleogene Dictionary
• Paleontology and stratigraphic distribution of suborder Lagenina (benthic foraminifera) from the Middle-Late Eocene Mazyad Member of the Dammam Formation in Jabal Hafit, Al Ain area, United Arab Emirates, Northern Oman Mountains
• Paleontology, paleobathymetry, paleoecology, paleogeography and stratigraphic distribution of the Rotaliina (benthic foraminifera) from the Middle-Late Eocene Mazyad Member of the Dammam Formation in Jabal Hafit, Al Ain area, United Arab Emirates, Northern Oman Mountains
• Paleozoogeographic regionalisation of Northern Hemisphere Late Cretaceous Basins based on Foraminifera
• Patterns of spatio-temporal distribution as criteria for the separation of planktic foraminiferal species across the Danian-Selandian transition in Spain
• Permian non-fusuline foraminifers of the Akasaka Limestone (Japan)
• Phanerozoic diversity of agglutinated foraminifera: Origination and extinction rates
• Planktic foraminiferal dissolution in the twilight zone
• Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the late Neogene of Crete (Greece)
• Planktonic foraminiferal response to Middle Miocene cooling in the Southern Ocean (ODP Site 747, Kerguelen Plateau)
• Planktonic foraminifers, biostratigraphy and the diachronous nature of the lowermost Danian Cerithium Limestone at Stevns Klint, Denmark
• Plankrange - A Database of Planktonic Foraminiferal Ranges
• Pliocene-Pleistocene Foraminiferal Assemblages of the Middle and Lower Tiber Valley: Stratigraphy and Paleoecology
• Polymerization and oligomerization in foraminiferal evolution
• Preparation Techniques For Use Of Foraminifera In the Classroom
• Quaternary Calcareous Benthic Foraminifers, Leg 80
• Response of planktic foraminiferal size to late Quaternary climate change
• Role of the Palaeogene Adriatic Carbonate Platform in the Spatial Distribution of Alveolinids
• Sarmatian foraminifera fauna from Budapest (Hungary)
• Saudi Arabian Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous agglutinated foraminiferal associations and their application for age, palaeoenvironlnental interpretation, sequence stratigraphy, and carbonate reservoir architecture
• Sea-floor distribution and Late Quaternary faunal patterns of planktonic and benthic foraminifers in the Angola Basin
• SEPM Strata - Foraminifera
• Short Treatise on Foraminiferology (Essential on modern and fossil Foraminifera)
• Size distribution of Holocene planktic foraminifer assemblages: biogeography, ecology and adaptation
• Smaller agglutinated foraminifera from the Achanticum Limestone (Upper Jurassic), Eastern Carpathians- Romania
• Smithsonian foraminifera
• Spatial Distribution of Miocene Foraminifera at Calvert Cliffs, Maryland
• Stable Isotope Ratios of Foraminifers from ODP Leg 207 Sites 1257, 1258, and 1260 and a Cleaning Procedure for Foraminifers in Organic-Rich Shales
• Stratigraphic distribution of the Middle Jurassic foraminifera in the Middle East
• Stratigraphic Record of the Neogene Globorotalid Radiation (Planktonic Foraminiferida)
• Stratigraphy and Palaeobiogeography of Mesozoic Benthic Foraminifera of the Karst Dinarides (SE Europe)
• Stratigraphy of Neogene deposits in the Khania province, Crete, with special reference to foraminifera of the family Planorbulinidae and the genus Heterostegina
• Stratigraphy of Neogene deposits in the Rethymnon Province, Crete, with special reference to the phylogeny of uniserial Uvigerina from the Mediterranean region
• Systematics and biostratigraphic notes of the upper Moscovian-upper Gzhelian fusulinid foraminifers from the Anatolian Platform in the Southern Turkey
• Taxonomic diversity of foraminifers of the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary interval in the South Urals
• Taxonomy, nomenclature, and evolution of the early schubertellid fusulinids
• Taxonomy and Paleoecology of Early Miocene Benthic Foraminifera of Northern New Zealand and the North Tasman Sea
• Test structure and classification in agglutinated foraminifera
• Thanetian And Early Ypresian Orthophragmines (Foraminifera: Discocyclinidae And Orbitoclypeidae) From The Central Western Tethys (Turkey, Italy And Bulgaria) And Their Revised Taxonomy And Biostratigraphy
• Triassic Foraminifers From Sites 761 And 764, Wombat Plateau, Northwest Australia
• Tubular agglutinated foraminifera as indicators of organic carbon flux
• Type Register
• Two Species Of Profusulinella (p. Aljutovica And P. Ovata), Early Moscovian (Pennsylvanian) Fusulines From Southern Turkey And Subdivision Of Primitive Groups Of The Family Fusulinidae
• Upper Barremian-Lowermost Aptian Orbitolinid Foraminifers from the Grand Banks Continental Rise, Northwestern Atlantic (Dsdp Leg 43, Site 384)
• Upper Cretaceous and lower Paleogene benthic Foraminifera from northeastern Mexico
• Upper Miocene planktonic foraminifera from Algarve. Chronostratigraphical implications
• Use of multivariate statistics to determine the paleoenvironmental distribution of Lower Carboniferous Foraminifera from Ireland
• Utility of Deep-Water Agglutinated Foraminiferal acmes for correlating Eocene to Oligocene abyssal sediments in the North Atlantic and Western Tethys
• Year 2000 classification of the agglutinated foraminifera

Books about foraminifera

	Biostratigraphic and Geological Significance of Planktonic Foraminifera Foraminifera are free-living protozoa that grow an elaborate, solid calcite skeleton. Their well-marked evolutionary record makes them of outstanding value in zonal stratigraphy. The role of fossil planktonic foraminifera as markers for biostratigraphical zonation and correlation underpins most drilling of marine sedimentary sequences and is key to hydrocarbon exploration. Biostratigraphic and Geological Significance of Planktonic Foraminifera presents a comprehensive analysis of existing data on fossil planktonic foraminifera genera and their phylogenetic evolution in time and space. In addition, the book contains new, unpublished data on carbonate thin sections with identified fossil planktonic foraminifera from the Far East to offshore Brazil and South Africa.
	Foraminifera and their Applications In a one-stop resource, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview of all aspects of pure and applied forams studies. Building from introductory chapters on the history of foraminiferal research, and research methods, the book then takes the reader through biology, ecology, palaeoecology, biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy. This is followed by key chapters detailing practical applications of forams in petroleum geology, mineral geology, engineering geology, environmental science and archaeology. All applications are fully supported by numerous case studies selected from around the world, providing a wealth of real-world data. The book also combines lavish illustrations, including over 70 stunning original picture-diagrams of foraminifera, with comprehensive references for further reading. Accessible and practical, this is a vital resource for graduate students, academic micropalaeontologists, and professionals across all disciplines and industry settings which make use of foram studies.
	Benthic Foraminifers as Tools to Reconstruct High-Latitude Holocene Climate Variability and Processes During Cold-Water Coral Mound Growth and Develop Cold-water corals occur worldwide from high latitudes to tropical areas, in various settings from the deep-sea to shallow marine environments near the coast. The topic of this thesis is the establishment and extension of knowledge about environmental conditions controlling cold-water coral (CWC) mound development. From literature it is known that glacial-interglacial cycles drive development and geographic distribution of CWC mounds on a large scale. On the other hand, knowledge about the influence of small scale climatic and oceanographic changes during the Holocene is scarce. Thus, this thesis focuses on the investigation of the limited Holocene climatic and oceanographic changes and their effect on the process of mound genesis. For this purpose, a Holocene CWC mound setting in a sound in the Altafjord in northern Norway (70°N) -- the Stjernsund -- was chosen and the local benthic ecosystem was extensively analysed.